Introduction To Computer Science
In this introduction to Computer Science , we will discuss in detail various aspects related to the domain of computer science .
The introduction to computer science includes understanding what is computer science , its classification , computer science fields of study, scope , history and evolution of computer science as a discipline and the applications of computer science in various fields .
If you’re a college student trying to pick a major that will maximize your career prospects, then it’s no secret that computer science is a great choice.
There’s no shortage of data, reports, and surveys which indicate that students with Computer Science and Computer Engineering degrees can expect some of the some of the highest starting salaries.
The Computer Science career also has the lowest unemployment rate as compared to any other field .
In this Introduction To Computer science we will cover all the relevant topics in Computer science . Familiarity with these foundation knowledge important to understand the other related topics.
What Is A Computer Science ?
The computer science can defined as a branch of engineering science that studies the technology and the principles of design and applications of the computer system.
The computer science is a interdisciplinary science and its scope includes study of computation , computer technology , hardware and software.
The Computers today are an integral part of human world, and the human world critically depends upon the computing power of today’s modern computers .
The Computer Science has also evolved over period of last few decades both in the hardware and the software domain.
Many computer scientist describe, and practice computer science as a creativity tool . This approach enables them to create something meaningful using the phenomenal computing power of computers .
Computer Science Field Of Study
The Computer science field of study include many subjects . It is interdisciplinary science that spans both theory and practice.
The scope of computer science is pretty vast. And therefore , It is important for the student of computer science to have absolute clarity about the various fields of study ( classification of computer science ) and the knowledge of various streams that exist within the scope of computer science .
The scope of computer science covers some important subjects that include :
- Discrete Mathematics .
- Data Structures .
- Application And System Software.
- Algorithms .
- Statistics .
- Programming Languages.
- Computer Hardware .
- CS Design And Architecture.
- Database Management Systems.
- Web Design And Development.
- Artificial Intelligence.
CS Classification
The computer science fields of study can be broadly split in to two streams . These two streams include , Theoretical Computer Science , and Applied Computer Science .
The Theoretical Computer Science mainly deals with the , fundamental theoretical principles , and design concepts .
Whereas the Applied Computer Science deals with , the practical implementation of these theoretical principles , and the design concepts in Computer Science.
The Applied Computer Science can be further split into , three sub-streams , and that includes , Operating Systems , Intelligent Systems , and Application Development .
Theoretical Computer Science
The theoretical computer science deals with fundamental theoretical principles and design concepts which includes :
- Algorithms ,
- Data Structures ,
- Discrete Mathematics ,
- Statistics ,
- Theory of computing ,
- Programming theory such as OPP ( Object Oriented Programming ) ,
- Digital Electronics ,
- Boolean Algebra And Logic gates.
Applied Computer Science
The CS Sub-stream Applied Computer Science deals with the practical implementation of the theoretical fundamental principles and design concepts of computer science.
Operating System
The CS Sub-stream OS includes operating system , device drivers , system utility software programs , programming language compilers , interpreters , network operating systems , anti-virus and malware software.
Intelligent System
The CS Sub-stream Intelligent System includes Artificial Intelligence , pattern recognition , data mining , web monitoring , hybrid intelligence systems , speech recognition and robotics.
Application Development
The CS Sub-stream Application Development includes Computer Programming Languages such as C , C++ , Java , Python , Java Script , MS Dot Net and many more . It also include Web design and development languages HTML , CSS , JS , PHP , CMS ( World-press ) .
The Application development also include database design and development tools like DBMS , RDBMS , MySQL and so on.
Why Study Computer Science ?
The Computers are today integral part of the human word and human world is critically dependent upon the computing power of these computers .
The applications of computer science are indispensable in every industry we can possibly think of such as aviation , health care , Banking , engineering and so on .
The business corporations are spending huge amount of money for the collection , processing and analysis of large volumes of data essential to manage the day to day business operations of the company .
Learning Computer science is now considered to be one of the best career option . The career in Computer Science not only offers an opportunity to work with some top notch corporate companies but also to work as an entrepreneur.
Computer Science Major
What Is Computer Science Major ?
Learning Computer science as major can give you access to most powerful tool to work on some creative ideas.
As a Computer Science professional , you can build next generation games , develop applications like Facebook and Twitter .
With Artificial Intelligence , you can simulate human behavior in machines and work in the field of Robotics.
Learning Computer science is now considered to be one of the best career option .
The career in Computer Science not only offers an opportunity to work with some top notch corporate companies but also to work as an entrepreneur.
As per various studies and surveys , a degree in Computer science can put your professional career on the fast track .
The Computer science related jobs are among the highest paid jobs with best financial rewards.
History Of Computer Science
The Computers are today integral part of the human world and human world today critically depends upon the computing power of today’s modern computers .
The Computer Science has also evolved over period of last few decades both in the hardware and software domain.
However , The history of computer science began , long before our today’s modern discipline of computer science.
In the past seventy years , the computers have migrated from room-size mega boxes to the desktops computers.
And now the computers are in our pockets with far more computing power and mobility .
But the modern computing-machine era began with Alan Turing’s conception of the Turing Machine, and the three Bell Labs scientists invention of the transistor .
The transistor is a tiny electronic component made-up of silicon . It is extensively used in many electronic devices.
The Transistor is used as a micro switch and a fundamental building block for all digital electronic devices including computers .
The invention of transistor has made modern-style computing possible. This invention rewarded them with the 1956 Nobel Prize in Physics.
Applications Of Computer Science
The advancement in science and technology has completely transformed the human world . The human world is now moving towards the machine age with the advent of powerful computers armed with artificial intelligence .
The computers can now design and control the machines that can imitate human behavior and perform the jobs which generally requires human intervention .
Applications Of Computer
- Aviation.
- Engineering CAD , CAM.
- Manufacturing.
- Healthcare.
- Banking And Finance.
- Education.
- Military And Defence.
- Scientific Research.
CS And Moore's Law
The computer hardware and software design technology is also changing at a rapid pace .
The early room size computers are now reduced to pocket size with far more computing power .
The computers are being extensively used to design and control the machines that can imitate human behavior and perform the jobs which generally requires human intervention .
The Moore’s Law refers the observation made by Gordon Moore in 1965. He was co-fonder of Intel corporation .
The Moore’s Law basically refers to his observation about rapidly increasing computing power of the today’s modern processor chips.
The invention of transistor , which is a tiny component made up of silicon was a significant mile stone in the world digital electronics . The silicon is a semi conductor material .
The microprocessor ( CPU ) is the brain of the computer system which actually provides the computing power to the computer system .
The CPU ( Central Processing Unit ) performs all the arithmetic calculations and logical operations in a computer system .
The computer’s processor chip is made up of millions of these tiny component called transistor . The transistor is a fundamental building block for all modern processor chips .
Moore's Law
As per Moore’s law , the number of transistors in a microprocessor chip will double about every two years. In other words , the Moore’s law states that the computing power of the processor chip will double every two years .
The Moore’s law further predicts that this trend will continue into the foreseeable future.
What Is Central Processing Unit ( CPU )
Microprocessor
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